Come leggere le etichette degli Champagne
Il mondo degli Champagne è meraviglioso, colmo di prodotti straordinari, di fascino, di tradizione e di prestigio. Ma a volte è complicato navigare tra i vari termini e sigle. Proprio su quest’ultimo elemento vorrei concentrare questo articolo, che più che altro rappresenta una lista delle sigle più comuni che differenziano i vari tipi di Champagne, ovvero il modo in cui vengono prodotti, imbottigliati o commercializzati.
Andiamo a scoprirli.
NM, che sta per Négociant Manipulant -> Si tratta del caso in cui un singolo produttore o un’azienda acquista le uve/il mosto/il vino per produrre lo Champagne nelle proprie cantine e commercializzarlo in seguito con la propria etichetta. È una dinamica che si riferisce spesso alle grandi maison e ai produttori il cui patrimonio viticolo non è capace di soddisfare i bisogni per la produzione, le quali acquistano uve o vini da terzi, unendoli eventualmente ai propri, infine elaborando e commercializzando autonomamente lo Champagne.
RM, che sta per Récoltant Manipulant -> È il viticoltore che elabora e commercializza da sé i propri Champagne adoperando solo uve dei vigneti di proprietà, elaborate nella propria cantina. Per questo punto va specificato anche che è ammessa una deroga del 5%. Infine alla categoria degli RM appartengono quei produttori oggi molto popolari per il marchio “Les Champagnes de Vignerons”.
CM, che sta per Coopérative de Manipulation-> Parliamo di una cooperativa vinicola che commercializza Champagne che vengono prodotti in cantine cooperative con le uve dei soci, ovvero i vigneron.
MA, che sta per Marque Auxiliaire (o d’Acheteur) -> persona o società esterna al mondo dello Champagne – come un supermercato – la quale registra un proprio marchio e poi fa produrre interamente le bottiglie (fino al processo di etichettatura) da una terza parte. Al termine, commercializza da sé queste bottiglie. Probabilmente il caso più eclatante in questa categoria è lo Champagne prodotto dalla catena di supermercati Lidl, salito agli onori di cronaca nell’autunno del 2020 dopo la notizia secondo cui questo prodotto (venduto per €9, una cifra decisamente al di sotto dei prezzi medi di mercato) fosse stato premiato nel concorso di vini VinAgora International Wine Competition.
SR, che sta per Société de Récoltants -> È come la CM, ma i soci che appartengono ad una stessa famiglia. Sono quindi società di raccoglitori che si associano in piccoli gruppi, condividendo le attrezzature per elaborare poi gli Champagne e commercializzando con il proprio marchio.
ND, che sta per Négociant Distributeur -> Qui parliamo di un distributore o una società che acquista da terzi le bottiglie già imbottigliate di Champagne per poi etichettarle in locali propri e commercializzarle a loro nome.
RC, che sta per Récoltant Coopérateur -> In questo caso (poco diffuso) è il coltivatore che conferisce le uve a una cooperativa di cui è socio e, in seguito, ottiene un numero di bottiglie commisurato a ciò che ha dato e che può o meno affinare in proprio, ma che in seguito commercializza da sé con una propria marca. In poche parole il RC lavora all’interno di una Coopérative de Manipulation.
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